Read the Introduction to this book including the “Topics Covered by the AP Chemistry Exam,” “Questions Commonly Asked About the AP Chemistry Exam,” and “Strategies for Taking the AP Chemistry Exam.” Purchase CliffsAP Chemistry, 3rd Edition. Use that book along with this book for a more comprehensive review of chemistry topics Essays on the AP chemistry test occur within the free response questions that are part of the free response section of the test. Essay questions will ask you to analyze, explain and justify reasoning Free-Response Questions Download free-response questions from past exams along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions. AP Exams are regularly updated to align with best practices in college-level learning. Not all free-response questions on this page reflect the current exam, but the question types and the topics are similar,Estimated Reading Time: 50 secs
AP Chemistry Exam – AP Students | College Board
See how your profile ranks among thousands of other students using CollegeVine. Show me what areas I need to improve. In As you can see, the AP Chemistry exam is one of the more difficult exams administered by the College Board. In this article, we will review some of the more difficult questions you may encounter on the exam followed by detailed explanations describing ap chemistry exam essay questions to solve them.
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When it comes to course rigor, colleges want to see how many APs you take and what grades you get in the classes rather than the exam scores, which are used to determine course credit and placement after you get into college. If you are interested in understanding how your course load impacts your chances at college, use our free chancing engine. This tool will help you determine your chances of acceptance at over colleges based on your grades, test scores, extracurriculars and demographics. Keep in mind that your essays and letters of recommendation are also important in the college admissions process!
The AP Chemistry exam assesses your ability to understand science practices in relation to four big ideas: scale, proportion and quantity; structure and properties; transformations; and energy.
The exam is 3 hours and 15 minutes long and is comprised of two separate sections:. The AP Chemistry exam is broken up into nine units with the following percentage breakdowns:. In this article, we will be focusing ap chemistry exam essay questions official CollegeBoard AP Chemistry Exam questions, ap chemistry exam essay questions. This means that you can expect to see the same level of difficulty on the exam you take.
CollegeBoard is also known to provide answer options that are meant to confuse you into choosing the wrong answer instead of the correct one. But fear not! We will show you how to carefully read the question and make sure that you are confident in the answer you choose! In this first question, we see that a base Mg OH 2 is being titrated by an acid HNO 3. In order to determine the mass of the initial base, we need to perform a series of titration calculations.
This is a great example of when your labs come in handy, since the lab can help you visualize what is going on. First, we need to determine the reaction that is occurring when Mg OH 2 is reacted with HNO 3. We first write out the equation we know, which is that the base and acid react to create water ap chemistry exam essay questions an aqueous solution of the remaining ions:, ap chemistry exam essay questions.
We now need to balance the above reaction. Hydrogen is already balanced, so the next element we move to is Oxygen. We see that Oxygen is unbalanced with five oxygen on the left and four oxygen on the right.
We can balance Oxygen by:. This gives us 8 oxygen molecules on either side. This simple balancing act has now balanced the entire equation with one Mg molecule, 8 O molecules, 4 H molecules and 2 N molecules on either side.
Now we return to the titration problem. Since we know that the acid is being used as the titration solution, we know that HNO 3 is in the buret. We also know that 20 mL is needed to get to the end point since:. Now that we know the molar mass of the base Make sure to balance all your units and note that it takes 2 moles of HNO 3 for every one mole of Mg OH 2! Geometry of a molecule or compound is an important topic covered on the AP Chemistry exam so it is important that you know your tetrahedrals from your trigonal bipyramidials!
An easy hint is that you can almost always determine what type of shape a compound is based on the number of lone electron pairs and molecules that are attached to the central atom. That being said, a planar compound is one where the atoms surrounding the central molecule arrange themselves so that they exist on a singular, two-dimensional plane.
In order to determine which of these is NOT planar remember to read extra carefully!!! Make sure to follow the quartet rule when drawing out each of the compounds! This carbonate ion, while experiencing negative charges on the oxygen, is planar since all oxygens are in the same plane as one another.
The nitrate ion is also planar since the oxygen atoms are in the same plane as one another and are not impacted by lone pairs similar to the Carbonate ion. ClF 3 :. Now this is a tricky compound. At first glance, you would assume that ClF 3 is not planar due to the impact of the two electron pairs present.
However, the chlorine trifluoride compound is actually a T-shaped geometrical structure. In this shape, the 3 Fluorine atoms are in the same plane and form a T shape with the Chlorine atom. Surprisingly, this is not the correct answer. This compound is another simple answer we can cross off since the three Fluorine atoms are in the same plane as one another.
PCl 3 :. This leaves us with phosphorus trichloride. The electron pair causes a ap chemistry exam essay questions in what would be expected of a planar compound. Each individual ap chemistry exam essay questions atom experiences great ap chemistry exam essay questions from the lone electron pair, thereby causing the Chlorine atoms to bend closer together.
This gives this compound a trigonal pyramidal shape instead of a planar geometry. Therefore, the compound that is not planar is E PCl 3.
This is a tricky question since we are given the initial mass of both reactants and are asked to find the maximum mass of a product, in this case water. This means this is a limiting reactant problem in which a limiting reactant limits how much a product can be produced, ap chemistry exam essay questions. But first, always, always, always double check that the provided equation is balanced!
Thankfully in our case, it is. Here we see that while N 2 O 4 may produce the most amount of water, ap chemistry exam essay questions, this is an inaccurate representation of what happens. N 2 H 4 acts as a limiting reactant and limits how much water is produced. N 2 O 4 is in excess. Therefore, the maximum amount of water produced is 9 grams. Our free chancing engine takes into account your history, background, test scores, and extracurricular activities to show you your real chances of admission—and how to improve them.
In this reaction, neutrons are being used to induce a fission reaction. A neutron is the same mass as a proton, however, has no charge no electrons or protons. Remember that the upper number next to the element represents the atomic mass while the bottom number represents the atomic number. To simplify the reaction we can expand the equation to account for the three neutrons that are being displaced:. This means that we ap chemistry exam essay questions perform simple subtraction to determine what?
X is since the law of conservation of mass must be obeyed:. By checking a periodic table of elements, we see that Rb has an atomic mass of 92 and an atomic number of This is another EXCEPT question so we have to be extra careful as to what is being asked of us! In option bH 2 O acts as a nucleophile and binds with Cl 2 and breaks the intramolecular Cl 2 bond. While doing so, the additional hydrogen atom breaks off in order to stay true to the octet rule.
In doing so, the reaction fails to create a complete covalent bond between the two molecules. This question is difficult because it requires you to understand how a buffer and titration works and know how to approximate data based on a graph. The optimum buffer action occurs when the amounts of acid and its conjugate base are approximately equal. In the case of our situation, this happens when half of the weak acid has been neutralized to form its conjugate base.
It may seem like the best answer for this question is point W, the point when there is enough base to neutralize the acid also known as the equivalence point. But this is incorrect! At this point, the strong base is in excess in relation to the weak acid to guarantee that all of the weak acid is neutralized as seen by the pH value of 8. We are looking for the point when the buffer action is optimal, which as we defined before, is when there are equal amounts of acid and its conjugate base.
This point occurs approximately midway between the equivalence point at which the slope of the graph is nearly infinite and the starting point. In relation to the graph this occurs at point V.
Balancing equations always proves to be time consuming and difficult, especially when performed under pressure, ap chemistry exam essay questions. However, it is almost guaranteed that these types of problems will appear on the exam.
This type of question is best solved as reduction and oxidation half reactions To do this, we need to determine which elements are being reduced and which elements are being oxidized. We see that the chromium ion gains electrons, therefore becoming reduced, while sulfur loses electrons when it becomes a solid, therefore becoming oxidized. Next, we must balance all the atoms in the above equation.
We can account for missing Hydrogen ions by adding in protons:. From here, we must determine how many electrons are needed to balance out the charges of either side, which we can do by adding 6 electrons to the left side of the reduction equation and 2 electrons the the right side of the oxidation equation:. The next goal is to cancel out the electrons from either side.
We can do this by multiplying the oxidation equation by 3. This then becomes:. The last step is to cancel out any like terms on opposite sides:, ap chemistry exam essay questions. This question requires us to remember concepts of solubility constant as well as how reactions work in order to conserve mass, ap chemistry exam essay questions.
The first thing we must do is to write out the reaction that is described in the problem statement. The thing that makes this question difficult is writing out the correct reaction. Why you may ask?
AP Chemistry Exam Review: 2019 Free Response Question #4
, time: 6:0110 Hardest AP Chemistry Exam Questions
The AP Chemistry Exam covers a full-year introductory college course in chemistry with laboratory. The multiple-choice questions in Section I cover the breadth of the curriculum. Section II, the free-response part of the exam, includes three quantitative problems, one question on writing chemical reactions and predicting products, and two blogger.comted Reading Time: 2 mins The free-response section includes three long essay questions (worth 10 points each) and four short-answer questions (worth 4 points each). Questions will test your ability to: Explain, analyze, and interpret models and representations of chemical properties or phenomena; Design experiments and procedures to test a prediction or theory Read the Introduction to this book including the “Topics Covered by the AP Chemistry Exam,” “Questions Commonly Asked About the AP Chemistry Exam,” and “Strategies for Taking the AP Chemistry Exam.” Purchase CliffsAP Chemistry, 3rd Edition. Use that book along with this book for a more comprehensive review of chemistry topics
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